受け身等

テストを開始するには [テスト開始] ボタンを押してください。

問題 1.

受け身って知ってる？

Do you know passive voice?

いいや，知らないよ．それは何なの？

No, I don’t. What is it?

例えば，私は昨日，犬にほえられた．

For example, I bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped a dog yesterday.

この文は，be動詞「だった」と動詞「ほえる」の過去分詞が来る形です．

This sentence is formed by a be verb “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ” and a past participle of verb “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ”.

「過去分詞」？動詞の新しい形なの？

What is “past participle”? Is it a new form of verb?

「過去分詞」は過去形と似ているよ．普通は動詞に「イド」をつけるよ．

The form of “past participle” looks like bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped tense verb. We usually add “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ” to verb.

例文２：私の車は警察にとめられた．

Sample sentence2: My car bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped the police.

「とめる」は「オ」が短母音でその次に子音「ピー」だから，「ピー」を二つにするよ．

Verb “stop” has shortly pronounced “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ” and then consonant “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ”, so “p” doublings.

不規則動詞の「食べる」は，「ウン」をつけて「食べた」に．こんな感じ．

Irregular verb “eat” sticks to “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ”, and becomes “ bark barked by was ed past en o p eaten stopped ”, like this.

問題 2.

「持つ」はどうなるの？

How about “have”?

「持つ」は過去形と同じ「持った」になるよ．

Verb “have” becomes “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ”, same as the past has had got gotten changes e n o taken tense form.

「手に入れる」はどう？

How about “get”?

「手に入れる」は「手に入れた」になるよ．これも過去形と同じで「エ」が「オ」に変わるね．

Verb “get” becomes “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ”. This is also same as the past has had got gotten changes e n o taken tense form, and “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ” changes to “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ”.

イギリス英語では「ゴット」で，アメリカ英語の場合，「ゴットン」になるようだね．

In England, “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ” is used. In American English, “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ” seems to be used.

他にだいぶん変わる動詞ある？

Is there any verb else past has had got gotten changes e n o taken much?

「取る」も「ウン」がついて「取った」になるよ．

Verb “take” sticks to “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ” and becomes “ past has had got gotten changes e n o taken ” too.

問題 3.

他には？

Anything doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ?

「来る」は変わらず過去分詞も「来る」，「行く」は「ヌ」がついて「行った」．

Verb “come” doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was change and past participle is also “ doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”, and verb “go” sticks to “ doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ” and becomes “ doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”.

「つかまえる」はだいぶん変わって「つかまえた」．これも過去形と同じだね．

Verb “catch” changes much and becomes “c doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”. This is also same as doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was tense form.

じゃあ，「買う」も「買った」だね．他にも「考える」が「考えた」．「持ってくる」は「持ってきた」．

Then “buy” also becomes “b doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”, doesn’t it? Besides, “think” becomes “th doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ” and “bring” becomes “br doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”, right?

そのとおり．

Absolutely.

じゃあ，受け身の文に戻ろうか．「買う」を使って文を作ってください．

Well, let’s go back to doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was voice. Please make a sentence using “buy”.

了解．この本は図書館が２年前に買いました・

I understand. This book doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was the library two years ago. How is it?

いいねえ．前置詞「〜によって」も特徴の一つだね．した人を言うときは「〜よって」をつけるよ．

Good. Preposition “ doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ” is one of passive character. When we say the person who did, we add “ doesn’t else ne come past gone bought ought aught by passive was ”.

問題 4.

もう一つ例をあげるよ．この机は木で作られている．

I’ll show you another example. This book from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it wood.

これは「〜によって」じゃなくて「〜で」が使われるんだね．

This time, not “by” but “ from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it ” is used.

他にも，出来ている元の物がわからない時は，「〜で」のかわりに「〜から」を使うよ．

Other than this, in case of original thing you can’t guess, we use “ from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it ” instead of “of”.

チーズやバターは牛乳から作られている．

Cheese and butter from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it made from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it milk.

もちは何で出来ていますか？

from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it mochi made from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it ?

もちは米から出来ています．

Mochi from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it rice.

じゃあ，お好み焼きは何でできているかな？

Well, how about okonomiyaki?

お好み焼きは小麦粉から出来ています．

Okonomiyaki from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it flour.

紙は木から作られますか？

from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it paper from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it wood?

はい，そうです．

from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it , from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it .

ヒトは水から出来ている？

from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it human from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it from water?

いいや，違うと思うよ．

from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it , he or she from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it , I think.

だけど実際にはほとんど水で出来ているそうだよ．

But in fact, human seems to from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it made from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it largely from of made make maken be Is is isn’t are water Yes No What it .

お疲れ様でした。「採点」ボタンを押して採点してください。

結果: